Schizophrenia is a complex mental illness that may well be many
illnesses masquerading as one. It is believed to be caused by a
biochemical imbalance in the brain. The precise cause is unknown
but researchers believe that many genes may create a
predisposition to it. It is also thought that neurotransmitters
(substances through which cells communicate) are involved; that
changes in dopamine and serotonin levels have an impact; and that
the limbic system (where the emotions are) and thalamus (where
outgoing messages are coordinated) are involved. Symptoms include:
- withdrawal from social activities
- sleep disturbances
- irrational, angry or fearful responses to family
- deterioration in personal hygiene
- hearing voices or sounds others don’t hear
- seeing people or things others don’t see
- a constant feeling of being watched
- sudden excesses, such as extreme religiousity
Approximately one per cent of the population is affected. Many
people with schizophrenia do not seek help, either because they do
not have insight into their condition, or out of fear of rejection
because of the stigma of mental illness. Lack of insight may
explain a person’s aversion to medication. Another reason is that
many medications have unpleasant side-effects.
Although there is no cure, recovery is possible. The impact of
the illness can be minimized with early diagnosis and appropriate
psychosocial treatment and medication. Cognitive therapy may also
be used, as well as peer support.
Excerpts taken from
www.schizophrenia.ca |
